Below are sample questions from this exam to help you understand the content and format.
Q1: The nurse is teaching a pregnant client about ways to promote fetal well-being at home. Which instruction should the nurse include?
Answer Choices:
A. "Avoid all foods containing carbohydrates to prevent excess weight gain."
B. " Exercise vigorously every day without rest."
C. "Limit fluid intake to reduce the risk of preterm labor."
D. “Monitor fetal movements regularly and report any significant decrease in activity."
Correct Answer: “Monitor fetal movements regularly and report any significant decrease in activity."
Rationale:
💧 Monitoring fetal movements regularly and reporting a decrease is correct because fetal kick counts are a reliable indicator of fetal well-being—decreased movement may signal hypoxia or distress and needs prompt evaluation.
💧 Avoiding all carbohydrates is incorrect because pregnant clients need a balanced diet, including carbohydrates, for maternal energy and fetal growth.
💧 Exercising vigorously every day without rest is incorrect because although regular moderate exercise is beneficial, vigorous activity without rest could cause maternal or fetal complications.
💧 Limiting fluid intake is incorrect because hydration is essential during pregnancy—fluid restriction increases the risk of dehydration and complications, not prevents preterm labor.
Q2: The nurse is preparing a client for a contraction stress test (CST) after a nonreactive nonstress test (NST). Which instruction should the nurse provide regarding preparation for the test?
Answer Choices:
A. You should eat food beforehand but avoid large meals to prevent erroneous contractions.
B. Be prepared to remain lying flat on your back during the entire duration of the test.
C. It is important to use the bathroom before the CST begins to minimize interruptions.
D. You should refrain from any physical activity for at least 24 hours prior to the test.
Correct Answer: It is important to use the bathroom before the CST begins to minimize interruptions.
Rationale:
🔹 Using the bathroom before the CST is correct because the test may take 1–2 hours, and a full bladder could cause discomfort or interfere with uterine contractions and monitoring.
🔹 Eating food beforehand but avoiding large meals is not necessary—no special dietary restrictions are required prior to a CST.
🔹 Remaining flat on the back is incorrect because this can cause supine hypotension; instead, the client is usually positioned in semi-Fowler’s or side-lying.
🔹 Refraining from physical activity for 24 hours is not required—there are no such restrictions for CST preparation.
Q3: Which of the following best demonstrates the ethical principle of autonomy in nursing practice?
Answer Choices:
A. The nurse follows the physician's orders without asking the client for their preferences.
B. The nurse allows the client to decide on treatment after providing necessary information.
C. The nurse ensures a client's family is involved in all decisions about their care.
D. The nurse advocating for a client's preferences when a healthcare decision needs to be made quickly.
Correct Answer: The nurse allows the client to decide on treatment after providing necessary information.
Rationale:
✨ Allowing the client to decide on treatment after receiving full information is correct because autonomy means respecting the client’s right to make informed decisions about their own care.
✨ Following the physician's orders without asking the client for preferences is incorrect because it disregards the client’s right to participate in decision-making.
✨ Ensuring the family is involved in all decisions is incorrect unless the client specifically requests it—autonomy centers on the client, not automatically the family.
✨ Advocating for a client’s preferences in urgent decisions supports beneficence and advocacy, but true autonomy is when the client is given the choice directly.
Q4: The nurse is caring for a pregnant client who has just been informed that their fetus has a genetic anomaly. Which nursing action is most appropriate to help the client adapt to this potential complication?
Answer Choices:
A. Minimizing the client's concerns by saying. "Everything will be fine."
B. Encouraging the client to avoid thinking about the diagnosis until delivery.
C. Providing accurate information about the diagnosis and potential outcomes.
D. Suggesting the client make decisions without consulting their healthcare provider.
Correct Answer: Providing accurate information about the diagnosis and potential outcomes.
Rationale:
🩺 Providing accurate information is correct because it supports informed decision-making, reduces uncertainty, and helps the client adapt by understanding the situation and available options.
🩺 Minimizing concerns by saying “everything will be fine” is incorrect because it dismisses the client’s feelings and provides false reassurance.
🩺 Encouraging the client to avoid thinking about the diagnosis is incorrect because avoidance prevents healthy coping and informed planning.
🩺 Suggesting the client make decisions without consulting their provider is incorrect because collaboration with the healthcare team is essential for safe and effective care.
Q5: The nurse is educating a client who has been diagnosed with HIV about the importance of adhering to her antiretroviral therapy (ART). Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate to emphasize the significance of this treatment?
Answer Choices:
A. "Missed doses of ART can be compensated for by doubling the next dose."
B. "ART helps maintain a low viral load and decreases the risk of transmission."
C. "Stopping ART can improve the client's overall health in the short term."
D. "ART should only be taken if the client feels symptomatic."
Correct Answer: "ART helps maintain a low viral load and decreases the risk of transmission."
Rationale:
💊 ART helps maintain a low viral load and decreases the risk of transmission—this is correct because consistent adherence suppresses viral replication, preserves immune function, and reduces the likelihood of HIV transmission to others.
💊 Doubling the next dose after a missed one is incorrect because this can cause toxicity—missed doses should be managed per provider guidance, not by doubling.
💊 Stopping ART to improve short-term health is incorrect because discontinuation leads to viral rebound, immune damage, and increased risk of opportunistic infections.
💊 Taking ART only when symptomatic is incorrect because HIV progresses even without symptoms—therapy must be continuous for effectiveness.
Access All 76 Questions with Full Explanations
