ATI Med Surg
See correct answers immediately with detailed explanations after each question.
Answer all questions, then review your results with feedback at the end.
Timed simulation that mimics real exam conditions. No feedback until completion.
Below are sample questions from this exam to help you understand the content and format.
Q1: A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which of the following medications removes excess potassium from the body?
Answer Choices:
🔷 Patiromer is a potassium-binding medication used to treat hyperkalemia by removing potassium through the gastrointestinal tract.
🔷 It exchanges calcium for potassium in the colon, thus lowering serum potassium levels safely over hours.
🔷 This drug is commonly used in chronic hyperkalemia, particularly in clients with CKD or heart failure who require potassium-lowering over a sustained period.
🔷 Calcium gluconate stabilizes the heart, and insulin shifts potassium intracellularly, but only potassium binders like patiromer remove it from the body.
Q2: The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly- diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?
Answer Choices:
🟪 Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a progressive, genetic condition that causes cysts to grow in the kidneys, eventually leading to kidney failure.
🟪 Many clients with PKD eventually require renal replacement therapy, such as dialysis or transplant.
🟪 Early education prepares the client and family for future care needs.
🟪 Statements about vasectomy or transplant eligibility are incorrect; individuals with PKD are candidates for transplant when ESRD develops.
Q3: A nurse is caring for a client who recently had a streptococcal infection of the throat, and is now experiencing new-onset flank pain. Urinalysis is positive for proteinuria and hematuria. The client's urine output for the past 24 hours has been 250 mL, and BUN and creatinine are elevated. On assessment, the nurse notes pitting edema to the bilateral lower extremities. Which of the following interventions is appropriate in the plan of care?
Answer Choices:
⚫ Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis impairs renal filtration, leading to azotemia, proteinuria, and fluid retention.
⚫ A low-protein diet helps reduce uremic toxin buildup, relieving the burden on the kidneys.
⚫ Encouraging fluids or ambulation is inappropriate due to oliguria and edema.
⚫ Weekly weights are not sufficient—daily weights are better for tracking fluid status.
Q4: A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD) for fluid volume overload prior to scheduled hemodialysis. Which of the following methods provides a reliable measurement of the amount of fluid the client has retained since the last dialysis treatment?
Answer Choices:
⏺️ The most accurate and objective indicator of fluid accumulation in dialysis patients is weight change between treatments.
⏺️ Each kilogram gained is roughly equal to 1 liter of retained fluid.
⏺️ Subjective assessments like lung sounds or edema are helpful but not precise.
⏺️ This measurement guides fluid removal goals during dialysis.
Q5: A female client has undergone surgery to remove a large struvite kidney stone. Based on the cause of struvite stones, which medication therapy should the nurse anticipate will be ordered to prevent recurrence of the stones?
Answer Choices:
➤ Struvite stones are composed of magnesium-ammonium-phosphate and are often caused by chronic urinary tract infections.
➤ Long-term antibiotic therapy is used to prevent recurrent infections, thereby preventing further stone formation.
➤ Tamsulosin helps with stone passage, but not prevention.
➤ Calcium or phosphate binders are not relevant in struvite stone management.
• Health Assessment in Nursing • Medical-Surgical Nursing • Fundamentals of Nursing • Advanced...
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Covers:Foundations of Nursing Practice, Health Assessment,Pharmacology and Dosage Calculations, Medi...
Covers:Foundations of Nursing Practice,Health Assessment,Pharmacology and Dosage Calculations,Medica...
Foundations of Nursing Practice, Professionalism in Nursing, Health Assessment and Basic Clinical Sk...
