➤ Use of an open-ended question like “How are you feeling?” invites the client to share detailed experiences rather than limiting responses to yes/no answers.

➤ This approach fosters therapeutic communication by allowing clients to express thoughts, emotions, and concerns in their own words.

➤ Encouraging a narrative response provides richer assessment data, helping the nurse understand the client’s perception of health and well-being.

➤ Open-ended inquiries promote rapport building and demonstrate genuine interest, creating a safe environment for the client to elaborate.

➤ Anorexia nervosa involves an intense fear of weight gain and distorted body image, where the adolescent’s self-worth is tied to perceived thinness. This profound negative self-concept drives extreme caloric restriction resulting in a “skeletal” appearance.

➤ Patients often engage in compensatory exercise and ritualistic eating patterns as maladaptive coping strategies reflecting deep-seated self-esteem issues. These behaviors distinguish anorexia nervosa from fad dieting and occasional dietary experimentation.

➤ The severe emaciation in anorexia nervosa arises from prolonged malnutrition and metabolic adaptation, causing significant muscle wasting and subcutaneous fat loss. This physical presentation underscores the connection between psychological distress and nutritional status.

➤ Unlike obesity or fast-food consumption, which are more environmental or lifestyle-based, anorexia nervosa is a clinical disorder characterized by persistent self-concept distortion and the pursuit of thinness through disordered eating. Early recognition requires addressing both nutritional rehabilitation and psychological support.

➤ Parallel play is characteristic of toddlers, as they engage in play activities adjacent to peers without direct interaction, reflecting their emerging social awareness.

➤ At this developmental stage, children observe and imitate peers’ actions while maintaining individual focus, demonstrating growing cognitive and motor skills without collaborative engagement.

➤ This form of play supports the toddler’s need for autonomy and sensory exploration, allowing them to learn through observation while preserving a sense of personal control.

➤ Encouraging environments that foster parallel play lays the foundation for later associative and cooperative play, promoting gradual development of social communication.

➤ A high-fat, low-fiber diet increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, constipation, and impaired gastrointestinal function, contradicting healthy adult nutrition guidelines.

➤ Adequate fiber intake is essential for bowel regularity, cholesterol reduction, and blood sugar control, all of which support chronic disease prevention in middle adulthood.

➤ Current dietary recommendations emphasize unsaturated fats, whole grains, and plant-based proteins, highlighting the participant’s misunderstanding of balanced nutrition.

➤ Effective health promotion education should stress a fiber-rich diet with lean fats to maintain heart health and overall well-being.

➤ Mastery of the prone-to-supine roll demonstrates sufficient development of neck flexors and trunk muscles, reflecting an expected gross motor milestone around four months of age.

➤ Achieving this roll indicates robust trunk stability and postural strength, which are prerequisites for later skills such as sitting independently and reaching for objects.

➤ The transition from tummy to back exemplifies emerging sensorimotor integration, allowing the infant to explore the environment and advance cognitive development through enhanced interaction.

➤ Independent rolling also promotes safety, as infants gain the ability to shift positions and relieve pressure on the face and chest without assistance.