RN Nursing · Biologic Response Modifiers · Practice question
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed adalimumab, a TNF inhibitor biologic DMARD, for rheumatoid arthritis. Which statement by the client requires immediate follow-up?
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"I plan to avoid people who are sick."
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"I wash my hands frequently to prevent infection."
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✓
"I am scheduled to receive the MMR vaccine next week."
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"I received the influenza vaccine last week."
Answer & explanation
Correct: "I am scheduled to receive the MMR vaccine next week."
Adalimumab is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor that suppresses immune-mediated inflammation and is used for rheumatoid arthritis, among other autoimmune conditions. Because it causes significant immunosuppression, clients taking adalimumab must not receive live or live-attenuated vaccines, as the suppressed immune system cannot control the attenuated pathogen effectively, risking active infection from the vaccine strain. The MMR vaccine contains live-attenuated measles, mumps, and rubella viruses, making it absolutely contraindicated while the client is on a biologic DMARD like adalimumab. This statement requires immediate follow-up so the nurse can contact the prescriber and delay or cancel the MMR vaccination. Avoiding sick people is a correct and appropriate infection-prevention behavior for an immunosuppressed client and requires no correction. Frequent handwashing is a standard, evidence-based infection-control practice that is entirely appropriate and should be reinforced. Receiving the influenza vaccine last week is acceptable because the standard seasonal influenza vaccine is an inactivated vaccine, not a live one, and is actually recommended for immunosuppressed clients to reduce infection risk. The critical distinction is live vaccines versus inactivated or recombinant vaccines: only live vaccines are contraindicated with biologic immunosuppressants.
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