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RN Nursing · Cardiovascular Disorders · Practice question

A patient who has had an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) inserted in the right iliac artery contracts a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infection in the intensive care unit. Which antibiotic indicated in the treatment of VRE is the poorest choice for use in this patient?

Answer & explanation

Correct: Levofloxacin (Levaquin)

The patient has an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) placed in the right iliac artery, meaning adequate limb perfusion to the right leg is already compromised. Levofloxacin (Levaquin) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, and while it has some activity against certain gram-positive organisms, it is generally considered a poor choice for treating vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) because its efficacy against VRE is limited and unreliable. More critically in this clinical scenario, levofloxacin is not a primary or dependable agent for VRE. However, the question asks which is the 'poorest choice' specifically for this patient: quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid) is inactive against Enterococcus faecalis (only covering E. faecium), and while that limits its use, levofloxacin's weak intrinsic activity against VRE makes it the poorest pharmacological choice for treating a VRE infection. Linezolid and daptomycin both have well-established efficacy against VRE and are standard options. Quinupristin/dalfopristin covers VRE E. faecium but not E. faecalis. Levofloxacin has the least reliable coverage against VRE overall, making it the poorest antibiotic selection for managing this infection regardless of the IABP context.

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