RN Nursing · Pathophysiology · Practice question
The nurse cares for a client with a sedentary occupation. What complication is the client at risk for developing?
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✓
Deep vein thrombosis and elevated cholesterol
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Asthma and chronic bronchitis
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Hyperthyroidism and dehydration
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Hypoglycemia and anemia
Answer & explanation
Correct: Deep vein thrombosis and elevated cholesterol
A sedentary occupation involves prolonged periods of sitting or physical inactivity, which reduces venous return from the lower extremities and slows blood flow. This stasis of blood in the deep veins of the legs is a primary risk factor for deep vein thrombosis, as described by Virchow's triad — stasis, hypercoagulability, and endothelial injury. Additionally, physical inactivity is strongly associated with dyslipidemia, including elevated LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, because the body burns fewer calories and metabolizes lipids less efficiently. Together, deep vein thrombosis and elevated cholesterol form a clinically coherent pairing for a sedentary individual. Asthma and chronic bronchitis are primarily related to airway irritants and respiratory exposures, not inactivity. Hyperthyroidism is a hormonal disorder unrelated to physical activity level, and dehydration is not a direct consequence of a sedentary lifestyle. Hypoglycemia is more characteristic of excessive insulin or inadequate caloric intake, and anemia results from nutritional deficits or blood loss rather than inactivity. The combination of deep vein thrombosis and elevated cholesterol is the most pathophysiologically consistent risk profile for someone whose daily routine involves minimal movement.
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